Science Highlights

Topic

Organization

		Date Posted
	New TRIXS for measuring low energy surface and interfacial electronic structure at in situ conditions While high energy X-ray methods have been widely used to study the structure and spectroscopy of surfaces and interfaces in extreme environments, light element and valence excitations need lower en	September 1, 2011
$Fig.1. C. moniliferum cell morphology and crystals. (A) Confocal microscopy image showing the prominent lobes of the two chloroplasts (red); cell membrane in green. (B) DIC image of BaSO4 crystals (arrow) in the terminal vacuole; arrowhead indicates a pyrenoid. (C) SEM image of rhombic (arrow) and hexagonal (arrowhead) BaSO4 crystals that remain after cells have been ashed to remove organic material. (D) Illustration showing approximate locations of freeze-fracture cross-sections analyzed by cryo-SEM$	How Algae Use a "Sulfate Trap" to Selectively Biomineralize Strontium Over the years, researchers have looked to a small number of organisms, including the desmid green alga Closterium moniliferum, because of their ability to selectively sequester strontium,	October 1, 2011
	Thinnest Nanofiltration Membrane to Date is Produced A separation membrane is a key component in both nanofiltration and reverse osmosis filtration systems.	October 1, 2011
	Researchers determine three dimensional structure of galactose metabolic pathway protein In most organisms, efficient D-galactose utilization is accomplished via a well-studied pathway known as the Leloir pathway.	October 3, 2011
	Improving HPC I/O performance on leadership class supercomputers On the leadership computers at Argonne National Laboratory, these approaches yield up to 53% improvement in performance over the existing I/O forwarding mechanism and close to 95% efficiency.	November 1, 2011
	Accelerating insights gleaned from leadership-class supercomputing simulations Argonne computer scientists have devised a software-based approach, called GLEAN, to improve I/O performance on its IBM Blue Gene/P by exploiting the machine's network topology to intelligently agg	November 1, 2011
	Creating the Heart of a Planet in the Heart of a Gem Although materials scientists have theorized for years that a form of super-dense aluminum exists under the extreme pressures found inside a planet's core, no one had ever actually seen it, until n	November 1, 2011
	New Measurement of the Size of the Proton A recent measurement at JLab of the elastic scattering of electrons on the proton provides a new, high-precision value for the charge radius of the proton.	November 1, 2011
	Advanced Heat Transfer Fluids for Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) Applications The current levelized cost of energy (LCOE) from concentrated solar power (CSP) is ~ $0.11/kWh. The U.S.	November 1, 2011
	Rethinking the idealized morphology in high-performance organic photovoltaics Traditionally, organic photovoltaic (OPV) active layers are viewed as an interpenetrating network of pure polymers and fullerenes with discrete interfaces.	December 9, 2011