Abstract: Inexpensive electrical-energy storage is critical for successful transformation of the electric grid. Redox-flow batteries (RFBs) possess compelling attributes for cost-effective grid-scale storage. Aqueous-soluble organics and organometallics have recently received attention as high-performance, non-flammable, non-toxic, and non-corrosive energy carriers for RFBs. The primary goal of this work is to develop an improved understanding of whether these types of active materials can meet the price targets set by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) for stationary electricity storage. To achieve this goal, we use a bottom-up approach to determine if cost of manufacturing and sales price targets can be met with select families of organic and organometallic molecules. We also identify desirable characteristics of RFB active materials and their production processes which are critical for achieving economic feasibility.