As of November 2019, Argonne no longer reports the number of E-drive vehicles sold by make and model.

Currently available electric-drive vehicles (EDV) in the U.S market include hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), battery electric vehicles (BEV) and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV). Plug-in Vehicles (PEV) include both PHEV and BEV. HEVs debuted in the U.S. market in December 1999 with 17 sales of the first-generation Honda Insight, while the first PHEV (Chevrolet Volt) and BEV (Nissan Leaf) most recently debuted in December 2010. Electric drive vehicles are offered in several car and SUV models, and a few pickup and van models.  

Historical sales of HEV, PHEV, and BEV are compiled by Argonne’s Center for Transportation Research and reported to the U.S. Department of Energy’s Vehicle Technology Program Office each month. These sales are shown in Figures 1-5. Figure 1 shows monthly new BEV and PHEV sales by model. Figure 2 shows Cumulative U.S. Plug-In Vehicle Sales. Figure 3 shows annual PEV sales share of total light-duty vehicle (LDV) sales since 2011.  Figure 4 show HEV and PEV sales change with gasoline price.

Latest Monthly Sales Data

HEV Sales

In April 2023, 97,972 HEVs (25,812 cars and 72,160 LTs) were sold in the United States, up 36.4% from the sales in April 2022.

Toyota accounted for a 44.3% share of total HEV sales this month.

Plug-In Vehicle Sales

A total of 105,438 plug-in vehicles (82,601 BEVs and 22,837 PHEVs) were sold during April 2023 in the United States, up 49.7% from the sales in April 2022. PEVs captured 7.83% of total LDV sales this month.

Cumulatively, 401,135 PHEVs and BEVs have been sold in 2023. In total, 3,672,443 PHEVs and BEVs have been sold since 2010.

Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Sales

There were 203 Toyota Mirai and 16 Hyundai Nexo sold in the United States in April 2023.

Cumulatively, 952 FCEVs have been sold in 2023. In total, 15,941 FCEVs have been sold since 2014.

Data Sources

Sales data are compiled from several sources at different points in time. Initially, the data were compiled from J.D. Power and associates’ sales reports, and Electric Drive Transportation Association (EDTA) and HEV manufacturers’ information. Later, the data were supplied by Green Car Congress and collected from Hybrid Market Dashboard. Civic hybrid sales are as reported by Honda in 2003 and 2004. Data from 2005 and later represent sales as reported by EDTA, Hybrid Dashboard, InsideEVs and Green Car Congress. The Escape, Highlander, RX 400h, Camry, and GS 450h hybrid sales represent registration information from EDTA through 2006. The 2007 Escape and GS450h sales data are from Green Car Congress. Accord hybrid sales data are from EDTA and Green Car Congress. The 2007 Vue hybrid sales data are from EDTA (January to May only), and later sales data are from Hybrid Dashboard and Green Car Congress. These numbers are by calendar year, not by model year as reported by the U.S. EPA in its ​“Light Duty Automotive Technology, Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Fuel Economy Trends Report.” The HEV percent shares reported by U.S. EPA are for vehicles weighing <=8,500 lbs. while shares reported here are for vehicles weighing <=10,000 lbs. The Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicles Data Center (AFDC) at the Department of Energy website also provides annual HEV sales data.