As of November 2019, Argonne no longer reports the number of E-drive vehicles sold by make and model.

Currently available electric-drive vehicles (EDV) in the U.S market include hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), battery electric vehicles (BEV) and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV). Plug-in Vehicles (PEV) include both PHEV and BEV. HEVs debuted in the U.S. market in December 1999 with 17 sales of the first-generation Honda Insight, while the first PHEV (Chevrolet Volt) and BEV (Nissan Leaf) most recently debuted in December 2010. Electric drive vehicles are offered in several car and SUV models, and a few pickup and van models.

Historical sales of HEV, PHEV, and BEV are compiled by Argonne’s Systems Assessment Center and reported to the U.S. Department of Energy’s Vehicle Technology Program Office each month. These sales are shown in Figures 1-5. Figure 1 shows monthly new BEV and PHEV sales by model. Figure 2 shows Cumulative U.S. Plug-In Vehicle Sales. Figure 3 shows annual PEV sales share of total light-duty vehicle (LDV) sales since 2011. Figure 4 show HEV and PEV sales change with gasoline price.

Latest Monthly Sales Data

HEV Sales

In September 2024, 123,864 HEVs (45,283 cars and 78,581 LTs) were sold in the United States, up 13.4% from the sales in September 2023.

Toyota accounted for a 50.3% share of total HEV sales this month.

Plug-In Vehicle Sales

A total of 122,773 plug-in vehicles (104,343 BEVs and 18,430 PHEVs) were sold during September 2024 in the United States, down 13.7% from the sales in September 2023. PEVs captured 10.49% of total LDV sales this month.

Cumulatively, 1,137,505 PHEVs and BEVs have been sold in 2024. In total, 5,875,746 PHEVs and BEVs have been sold since 2010.

Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Sales

There were 30 Toyota Mirai and 2 Hyundai Nexo sold in the U.S. in September 2024.

Cumulatively, 455 FCEVs have been sold in 2024. In total, 18,422 FCEVs have been sold since 2014.

Electric Vehicle Energy Storage Capacity

According to Argonne’s analysis of publicly announced lithium-ion battery cell factories in North America, as of January 2024, manufacturers in the United States could supply around 10 million new light duty plug-in electric vehicles each year by 2030, assuming an average pack size of 80-100 kWh.

Data Sources

Sales data are compiled from several sources at different points in time. Initially, the data were compiled from J.D. Power and associates’ sales reports, and Electric Drive Transportation Association (EDTA) and HEV manufacturers’ information. Later, the data were supplied by Green Car Congress and collected from Hybrid Market Dashboard. Civic hybrid sales are as reported by Honda in 2003 and 2004. Data from 2005 and later represent sales as reported by EDTA, Hybrid Dashboard, InsideEVs and Green Car Congress. The Escape, Highlander, RX 400h, Camry, and GS 450h hybrid sales represent registration information from EDTA through 2006. The 2007 Escape and GS450h sales data are from Green Car Congress. Accord hybrid sales data are from EDTA and Green Car Congress. The 2007 Vue hybrid sales data are from EDTA (January to May only), and later sales data are from Hybrid Dashboard and Green Car Congress. These numbers are by calendar year, not by model year as reported by the U.S. EPA in its ​“Light Duty Automotive Technology, Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Fuel Economy Trends Report.” The HEV percent shares reported by U.S. EPA are for vehicles weighing <=8,500 lbs. while shares reported here are for vehicles weighing <=10,000 lbs. The Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicles Data Center (AFDC) at the Department of Energy website also provides annual HEV sales data.

Starting from October 2019, Argonne used Wards Auto as the reference for the monthly E-drive sales.